（一）作主语
Saving is having 节约就是收入
动名词常在”It is no use/no good/fun/a waste of time/a good pleasure等名词+doing”结构中作主语。例如： It’s a waste of time arguing about it..
It is no good objecting. It is great fun sailing a boat.
动名词也可以在“There is (was)no doing” “There is no point in doing” 结构中做主语。 例如：There is no joking about such matters..
There is no denying that she is very efficient.
(二) 动名词作表语。The real problem is getting to know the needs of the customers.
Reading is learning, but applying is also learning and the more important kind of learning at that.
The toughest nut to crack was finding the right candidate.
(三)作宾语 英语中有些动词后面只能跟动名词（或名词）作宾语。常见的这类动词有：
admit acknowledge anticipate advocate suggest appreciate enjoy avoid escape miss evade save consider contemplate defer delay postpone put off deny detest dislike resent excuse pardon forgive favor finish imagine fancy include mind mention practice quit recall recollect resist risk can’t help can’t stand can’t understand feel like give up等
The thief admitted entering the house.
We must avoid making such mistakes again.
动名词常在介词或介词短语作宾语insist on ,persist in, think of , dream of, object to, suspect …of, charge …with, accuse…of, hear of, approve of, prevent(keep, stop, restrain)…from, be engaged in, look forward to, oppose to, depend on, excuse.. for, aim at, devote…to, set about, get used to, succeed in, be keen on, be tired of , be fond of, be capable of, be afraid of , be sick of, be ashamed of, be proud of, be responsible for, take to, be aware of , be busy in, be confident of, be angry about, etc…
Who is responsible for organizing the party?
I don’t feel like eating anything.
We are looking forward to making a trip to the Great Wall.
在“have difficulty (trouble, problem, a hard time, fun, a good time) (in)+动名词；be busy (in)+动名词；waste time (in)+动名词；lose time (in)+动名词 等结构中， 动名词做介词in的宾语，in常省去。例如：
I wasted an hour going to the library only to find it was closed.
The children are busy doing their homework.
(四)动名词的逻辑主语（复合结构）：
名词属格或物主代词后加动名词就构成动名词的复合结。其中，名词属格或物主代词是动名词的逻辑主语。
Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.
It’s no use your trying to deceive me.
.
They are looking forward to Mary’s coming.
在当代英语中，如果不是在句子开头，这个结构常常可以用名词的通格或人称代词的宾格，这比用所以格更自然一些。
My daughter staying up so late worried me.
I remember mother once telling me a story about the fox.
（五）动名词的主动形式表示被动意义
This letter needs signing by the manager.
This letter needs to be signed by the manager.
That boy deserves looking after.
That boy deserves to be looked after.
在动词need, require, want, demand, deserve后用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，其用法相当于不定式的被动结构。另外，在(be)worth后面只能用动名词的主动语态来表示被动意义。例如： That book is worth reading.
（六）动名词与不定式作主语或表语的用法比较
不定式与动名词作主语或宾语一般来说差别不大，有时两者可以互换。但按照传统语法来说，动名词表示说话人的习惯，爱好或是抽象动作；而动词不定式表示具体的一次性动作。例如：
Smoking is prohibited here.
It’s not very good for you to smoke so much.
A postman’s duty is delivering mails.
Your task this morning is to deliver the papers to Professor Smith.
（七）动名词与不定式作宾语的用法比较
remember后面既可接不定式也可接动名词作宾语，但意思是不同的。Remember to do sth.表示“记得要做某事”，remember doing sth.表示“记得做过某事”。 例如：
You must remember to post my letter.
Forget后面既可以接不定式也可以接动名词做宾语，但意思是不同的。Forget to do sth.表示“忘了要做某事”，forget doing sth.表示“忘了做过某件事”。例如：
She forgot telling her mother about it.
She forgot to tell her mother about it.
Regret后面既可以接不定式也可以接动名词做宾语，但意思是不同的。Regret to do sth.表示“对尚未做的或正在做的事表示遗憾”，regret doing sth.表示“对所做过的事表示后悔”。例如：
I regret to say that you have failed your exam.
I regret spending so much money.
另外，在下面几个动词后面所接不定式或动名词宾语的意义也是不同的。
（1） stop(leave off) to do sth.表示“停下来去做另一件事”，stop (leave off) doing sth.表示“停止手头正在做的事”。例如：
They stop to talk.
They stop talking.
（2） Mean to do sth. 表示“打算做某事”，mean doing sth.“意味着”。例如：
I don’t mean to give up the plan.
A breakdown on our way would mean our walking for hours.
（3） Try to do sth.表示“设法做某事”，try doing sth.表示“试着做某事”。例如：
Try to solve the problem.
Try using another way.
（4） Go on to do sth.表示“接着做某事（不同的事）”，go on doing sth.表示“继续做某事（相同的事）”。例如：
After writing, he went on to read.
He went on complaining.
（八）既可接动名词作宾语又可接不定式作宾语的动词
英语中有些动词（如advise, allow, forbid, permit, recommend等）后面既可以接动名词，也可以接不定式，但其作用完全不同。接动名词做宾语，接不定式作宾补。例如：
I don’t allow smoking in my office and I don’t allow my family to smoke at all.
三 分词
分词有现在分词和过去分词两种。他们在语态和时态方面的含义有较大差别。一般说来，现在分词表示的意义是主动和进行；过去分词表示的意义是被动和完成。
分词作定语既可以放在所修饰词之前，作前置定语；也可放在所修饰词之后，作后置定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
分词做状语
分词或分词短语作状语时， 可以表示时间，原因，让步，条件，方式或伴随情况，通常可转换成相应的状语从句；
分词作状语时，应注意以下几个方面：
（1） 根据句意的需要其逻辑主语必须与主句的主语一致
(2)如果状语分句中谓语动词是被动语态，就用过去分词；如果是主动语态，就用现在分词。
(3) 如果分词表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生，分词用完成时。例如：
