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One final aspect of being a good boss is recognizing that much of what goes into being an effective leader is, in fact, learned behavior. Of course, there always have been and will be bosses who seem to have a flawless touch in leading and motivating. But for every natural, there are just as many top-flight bosses who got that way by attending management classes and seminars, reading books on effective leadership and, just as important, understanding that a good employer naturally attracts first-rate employees.
［A］ “It’s important to use that different perspective to educate and encourage. But it’s also important, like a good coach, to lead your team by example. For instance, while you should point out mistakes by your employees, be sure to admit when you yourself make a mistake,” says Sheehan.
［B］ “You need to create an environment of integrity, trust and respect to make absolutely certain that everyone is treated fairly, regardless of the differences they may have,” says Sheehan.
［C］ “People can definitely develop good leadership capabilities,” says Sheehan. “To a certain degree, we all have innate traits that make us good bosses. All you really have to do is work to develop those traits to their utmost.”
［D］ If an employee has a goal of becoming a manager or running his or her own business someday, nurture that goal. Tell them the traits they need to work on to achieve their ultimate plans.
［E］ For instance, a restaurant owner may push speedy lunchtime service as a way of serving the time-strapped business community. By contrast, a medical supply outfit may emphasize how its products improve customers’ health. Not only can a clear mission（responsibility） serve to motivate employees, it can also infuse a sense of importance in their jobs.
［F］ “This requires a mentality that encourages learning rather than being afraid of making a mistake. Try something new and different, but know we’re not going to kill each other if things don’t work out,” says Sheehan. “I was a swimmer in college and I swam fast when I imagined a shark was after me. I swam just as fast when I imagined I was in the Olympics. It’s a question of what you want to focus on.”
答案
41.B 42.E 43.F 44.D 45.C
总体分析
本文是说明文，主要介绍了好的雇主所具有的品质和特点。
第一、二段：指出很多特点、态度和能力是所有的好老板共有的。而且，越小的公司对于领导技能的要求就越突出。
第三至十段：具体论述好的雇主所拥有的技能、策略和品质。其中，第三段是一个引言，第四至八段分别论述。
试题精解
（一）审题，读主题词。
标题配对题中往往会给出主题词，如本题中的how to be a good boss（如何成为一位好的老板），由此考生可以预测文章的内容应包括好的老板的特点或品质。
（二）通读全文，了解大意，并判断小标题的作用。
略读全文，把握小标题和文章其他部分的逻辑关系。文章一开始提出，很多特点、态度和能力是所有好雇主所共有的。41题前最后一句话是过渡句，承上启下指出，接下来列出的是一位好雇主所拥有的技能、策略和品质。由此可以得知下述几个小标题都是好雇主的特点。
（三）浏览选项，概括大意。
由于选项部分多是段落，内容相对较多，并且和原文是非等额搭配，因此可以先概括各选项的大意，将浓缩后的信息迅速地记下来，或者将各项中的重要信息划出来，以便解题时一目了然，与小标题一一对应。本文六个选项有的是列举具体事例，有的是引用专家话语，有的则是两着兼有。其大意是：
［A］ 要像一个教练一样教育你的雇员，举出实例来说服他。
［B］ 要确保每一位雇员都得到公正的待遇。
［C］ 我们都有成为好老板的内在品质，关键是要将它们发挥到极至。
［D］ 帮助雇员实现他们自己的事业目标。
［E］ 明确的职责有利于激发雇员的积极性。
［F］ 要鼓励进步而非恐惧犯错。
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