Unit 6 Detective storie
第六单元 侦探小说
语法指南
直接引语和间接引语
当我们引用别人的话时，可以用别人的原话，也可以用自己的话把意思转述出来，如果是引用原话，被引用的部分就称为直接引语，如果是转述，就称为间接引语。如：
A. The detective asked: “Who knows the victim?”，其中的“Who knows the victim?”就是直接引语。
B. The detective asked who knew the victim. 其中的who knew the victim就是间接引语。直接引语通常用引号(“”)括起来，间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个宾语从句。
★如果引用的句子原来是一个陈述句，在间接引语的开头用连词that；要根据意思改变人称，同时引语中的谓语和主句的谓语在时态上要相对称。
He said, “the old woman looks very worried.”
① He said that the old woman looked very worried.
他说那位老太太看起来很着急。
Mr Smith said, “Children, those workers are working.”
② Mr Smith told Children that those workers were working.
史密斯先生告诉孩子们那些工人正在工作。
①②两句中的间接引语开头用连词that，在动词say后，有时that可以省略。
Tom said to me, “I have left my toy at home.”
③ Tom told me that he had left his toy at home.
汤姆告诉我他把玩具掉在家里了。
The victim’s mother said to the police: “I am very shocked.”
④ The victim’s mother told the police that she was very shocked.
受害人的母亲告诉警察说她很震惊。
③④两句中直接引语和间接引语的主语已经发生变化。间接引语中的主语和主句中的主语是一致的。he就是指Tom，she就是指The victim’s mother.
“I’m scared”, said the witness.
⑤ The witness said that she was scared.
那目击证人说她很害怕。
The girl said to her mother, “The music sounds beautiful.”
⑥ The girl told to her mother that the music sounded beautiful.
那女孩告诉她母亲说那音乐听起来优美极了。
⑤⑥两句中的直接引语是一般现在时，变成间接引语时，要变成一般过去时。
“The thief is running away.” Said Mrs Ma.
⑦ Mrs Ma said the thief was running away.
马夫人说那小偷正向远处跑。
Lin Tao said to me, “My family are watching TV.”
⑧ Lin Tao told me that his family were watching TV.
林涛说他的家人正在看电视。
⑦⑧两句中，直接引语中的现在进行时改变成了间接引语中的过去进行时，表示在过去某时，动作正在进行。
⑨Detective Jones said, “I’ve finished my report.”
Detective Jones said that he had finished his report.
琼斯侦探说他已经完成了他的报告。
⑩Jack said, “We have caught the thief.”
Jack said that they had caught the thief.
杰克说他们已经抓住了贼。
来源:云南外语网
|
