一、名词
名词单数变复数的规则:
1. 一般在词尾加s,如:girl, tree, birds, desk..
2. 以s, x, ch, sh,结尾的则加es,如:glasses, beaches, disses.
3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的,将y变成I再加es , 如:story-stories, city-cities.
4. 以f(fe)结尾的,多数将f(fe)变成v再加es,如:leaf- leaves, wolf- wolves, knife -knives.
5. 以o结尾的,多数加s, 如:piano-pianos, 也有一些加es,如:tomato-tomatoes.
6. 不规则变化,如:man -men, woman- women, child- children, foot- feet, tooth- teeth.
7. 单复数相同,如:sheep-sheep, people-people,
名词所有格:
1. 名词在句中表示所属关系,如:Teachers’ Day 教师的节日, Li Ming’ s book 李明的书, Children’s Day 孩子们的节日.
2. 表示无生命的东西的名词,通常都采用“of+名词”的形式, 如:the windows of the room 房间的窗户
二、动词
动词过去式的规则变化:
1. 一般情况下在末尾加ed,如:help-helped, work- worked, want -wanted,
play- played.
2. 当单词以字母e结尾时,后加d, 如:live-lived, skate-skated.
3. 当单词以“辅音字母+y”结尾时,变y为i,加ed,如:cry- cried, try -tried,
dry -dried.
4. 当单词以重读闭音节结尾,末尾又只有一个辅音字母时,将末尾的辅音字母双写再加ed,如:shop-shopped, skip-skipped.
5. 动词的过去式与原形一致,如:put, hurt, hit.
6. 还有一些不规则变化。
现在分词的构成:
1. 一般直接加ing, 如:talk-talking, play-playing, sing-singing.
2. 当单词以字母e结尾时去e加ing, 如:smile —smiling, live— living.
3. 当单词以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母时,要双写这个辅音字母再加ing.如:cut -cutting, sit —sitting, put —putting.
三、介词
1. 时间介词。
(1) 年、月要用in,如:in July, in 2007,
(2) 具体某日要用on,如:on Tuesday, on March 1 st,
(3) 上、下午要用in,如: in the morning, in the evening,
(4) 某一时刻要用at,如:at 6:30.
四、基础训练。
1. 写出动词第三人称单数形式:
play_______ work________ begin_______ have_______ go______ write_______ make______ watch________ guess_______ wash_______ try_______
2. 写出名词的复数形式:
girl_______ tree_______ bird_______ desk_______ glass________ beach________ dish________ story________ city________ leaf_________ wolf________ knife_______ tomato________ potato________ piano________ man________ woman_________ child________ foot_______ tooth_________ sheep________ people_________
3. 写出下列动词的现在分词。
Make__________ cut_______ listen_________ see_________ swim__________ read__________ run_________ talk__________ play_________ sing________ smile__________ live_________ sit_________ put__________
4. 写出下列动词的过去式。
skate________ want________ buy_________ help________ skip________ hurt________ eat________ go________ win_________ work________ play________ live________ cry________ try________ dry__________ shop_________ skip_________ hit________ is ________am ________are_________ do________ has________ have________ see________ bring________ teach________ think________
5. 写出下列单词的正确形式。
health(形容词)________ hard(反义词)_________ sunny(名词)_________ their(同音词)_________ wait(名词)__________ rain(形容词)_________ too(同音词)__________ after(反义词)___________ this(反义词)_________ tall(反义词)___________ inside(反义词)____________ different(反义词)___________
6. 根据要求变换句子。
(1) There are some apples in the basket.(改写一般疑问句)_____________________________________________________________
(2) My brother often goes to bed late.(改为否定句)_____________________________________________________________
(3) The old man id sitting on the chair.(对划线部分提问)____________________________________________________________
(4) This rabbit is very lovely.(改为感叹句)_____________________________________________________________
(5) Tom is looking out of the window in class.(改为否定祈使句)____________________________________________________________
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